Basile bouchon biography of william hill
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History of computing hardware
The history of computing hardware spans the developments from early devices used for simple calculations to today's complex computers, encompassing advancements in both analog and digital technology.
The first aids to computation were purely mechanical devices which required the operator to set up the initial values of an elementary arithmetic operation, then manipulate the device to obtain the result. In later stages, computing devices began representing numbers in continuous forms, such as bygd distance along a scale, cirkelrörelse of a shaft, or a specific voltage level. Numbers could also be represented in the form of digits, automatically manipulated by a mechanism. Although this approach generally required more complex mechanisms, it greatly increased the precision of results. The development of transistor technology, followed bygd the invention of integrated circuit chips, led to revolutionary breakthroughs. Transistor-based computers and, later, inom
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Let him that would move the world, first move himself.—Socrates
Katatsuburi soro-soro nobore fuji no yama—Issa
The first android in the Western World, a completely mechanical figure which simulated a living human or animal, operating with an apparently responsive action, is believed to have been constructed in 1525 by Hans Bullmann (?-1535) of Nuremberg, Germany. Bullmann actually reportedly produced a number of extremely ingenious figures of men and women that moved and played musical instruments, for which Ferdinand I, the Holy Roman emperor, summoned him to Vienna, for whom Bullmann produced a variety of novelties before returning to Nuremberg. Bullmann was an ingenuous master locksmith and mechanic, who is known also to be the first to set up a true astronomical clock and to invent the letter lock. Unfortunately, neither a working mechanism nor a description of his devices survived to the present time.
At least one automation of his contemporary however—the Italian/Spanis
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Historical Highlights of Science in Lyon
A FEW SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE HISTORY OF LYON
| As will be amply illustrated during STATPHYS26, statistical physics today enjoys a broad range of applications, finding interfaces, not only with other domains of physics such as condensed matter or hydrodynamics, but also with other disciplines, particularly mathematics, biology and chemistry and more recently with economics and social sciences. | |
| In this context, it is worth highlighting a few scientific and technical breakthroughs realized in Lyon during its history, which will hopefully stimulate the curiosity of many of the conference participants. These discoveries and inventions show that, while breakthroughs in fundamental research often lead to useful applications, the reverse is equally true; that technical developments very often improve our scientific knowledge, before any deep understanding of the underlying theories has been developed. The
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